What are the installation methods of angular contact bearings?

Installing angular contact bearings correctly is crucial for ensuring their performance and longevity. There are several methods for installing these bearings, each suitable for different applications and configurations.

Angular contact bearings installation

1. Single Bearing Installation

Mounting Position: Angular contact bearings must be mounted in the correct orientation, with the marked side facing the correct direction to handle axial loads.

Press Fit: The bearing is press-fitted onto the shaft or into the housing. This method often uses a press tool to ensure the bearing is seated properly without applying undue force to the rolling elements.

Thermal Fit: The bearing or housing is heated (thermal expansion) to allow easier fitting. Once cooled, the bearing contracts to form a tight fit.

2. Paired Bearing Installation

Back-to-Back (DB) Arrangement: Bearings are mounted with their back faces together. This configuration can handle axial loads in both directions and provides high rigidity.

Face-to-Face (DF) Arrangement: Bearings are mounted with their front faces together. This setup also handles axial loads in both directions but allows for some misalignment.

Tandem (DT) Arrangement: Bearings are mounted in the same direction. This arrangement is used to handle high axial loads in one direction.

3. Preloading Bearings

Preloading: Preloading is applying a predetermined axial load to the bearing to remove internal clearance. This is essential for high precision and rigidity.

Fixed Preload: Using spacers or shims to set the preload during installation.

Spring Preload: Using springs to maintain a constant preload regardless of temperature changes or other conditions.

4. Assembly Techniques

Pressing Method: Bearings are pressed onto the shaft or into the housing using specialized tools to ensure even pressure and avoid damaging the bearing.

Hydraulic Method: A hydraulic press or a hydraulic nut can be used to install bearings, providing controlled and uniform pressure.

Induction Heating: Induction heaters can expand the bearing seat, allowing the bearing to be slipped onto the shaft or into the housing easily. Once cooled, it creates a tight fit.

5. Lubrication and Sealing

Lubrication: Proper lubrication is critical. Use the recommended type and amount of lubricant to reduce friction and wear.

Seals and Shields: Install seals or shields to protect the bearing from contaminants and retain lubrication.

6. Inspection and Testing

Alignment: Ensure proper alignment of the shaft and housing. Misalignment can cause uneven load distribution and premature failure.

Runout Test: Check for runout to ensure the bearing is correctly seated and operates smoothly.

Axial Play: Measure axial play to ensure proper preload has been applied.

By following these installation methods and guidelines, you can ensure the optimal performance and longevity of angular contact bearings.